Definitions

jiān (adjective) wicked; crafty; treacherous
jiān (noun) traitor
jiān (verb) to rape; to violate

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character now written as "奸" originates from the traditional form "姦", which consists of three "女" components and originally denoted general wickedness or licentious behavior, with its structure implying repetition or excess. In its simplified form, the character combines "女" with "干", introducing a notion of interference or offense that aligns with meanings of violation or adultery. Over time, the semantic range of the character shifted from broad evil to more specific concepts of deceit, treachery, and illicit sexual relations, while its structural evolution from a repetitive to a compound form reflects broader trends in the writing system's adaptation. This change in composition did not alter the fundamental association with moral transgression, which continues to define the character's use in modern language.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Shang dynasty (~1100 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这个商卖假货。

Zhège jiānshāng mài jiǎhuò.

This unscrupulous merchant sells fake goods.

他非常诈狡猾。

Tā fēicháng jiānzhà jiǎohuá.

He is very crafty and sly.

战争时期出现了很多汉

Zhànzhēng shíqī chūxiànle hěnduō hànjiān.

During the war, many traitors appeared.

他的计最终被识破了。

Tā de jiānjì zuìzhōng bèi shípòle.

His treacherous scheme was finally seen through.

那个政治家因为猾的手段而闻名。

Nàgè zhèngzhìjiā yīnwèi jiānhuá de shǒuduàn ér wénmíng.

That politician is famous for his crafty methods.

虽然他知道商的行为不对,但还是选择了合作。

Suīrán tā zhīdào jiānshāng de xíngwéi bùduì, dàn háishì xuǎnzéle hézuò.

Although he knew the unscrupulous merchant's behavior was wrong, he still chose to cooperate.

在历史上,那些臣往往为了个人利益出卖国家。

Zài lìshǐ shàng, nàxiē jiānchén wǎngwǎng wèile gèrén lìyì chūmài guójiā.

In history, those treacherous officials often betrayed the country for personal gain.

法律应该严厉惩罚那些犯下恶罪行的人。

Fǎlǜ yīnggāi yánlì chéngfá nàxiē fàn xià jiān'è zuìxíng de rén.

The law should severely punish those who commit wicked crimes.