Definitions

guǎ (adjective) few; scarce
guǎ (adjective) widowed

Etymology

Depicts a person living alone in a house (). The decorative strokes around the component corrupted into the unrelated .

About

The character "寡" derives from a structural combination of the roof radical "宀" and a component historically related to division or distribution, often associated with the character "頒", conveying an early concept of scarcity or insufficiency within a domestic context. Its original meaning focused on quantitative lack, describing fewness in number or scant resources, but over time the term acquired more specialized social meanings, such as referring to a widow, a person left alone and thus embodying a state of personal deficiency and solitude. This shift from general scantness to a condition of human absence allowed the character to maintain its core semantic field while adapting to nuanced applications in both classical and modern language.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

那个妇独自生活。

Nà gè guǎfù dúzì shēnghuó.

That widow lives alone.

他性格言少语。

Tā xìnggé guǎ yán shǎo yǔ.

He has a taciturn personality.

头控制着市场。

Guǎtóu kòngzhì zhe shìchǎng.

Oligarchs control the market.

他崇尚欲生活。

Tā chóngshàng guǎ yù shēnghuó.

He advocates a life with few desires.

他对朋友很情。

Tā duì péngyou hěn guǎqíng.

He is very unfeeling towards his friends.

那位年轻的妇抚养着两个孩子。

Nà wèi niánqīng de guǎfù fǔyǎng zhe liǎng gè háizi.

That young widow is raising two children.

他虽然言,但心里明白。

Tā suīrán guǎ yán, dàn xīnli míngbai.

Although he is taciturn, he understands in his heart.

头政治中,权力往往集中在少数人手中。

Zài guǎtóu zhèngzhì zhōng, quánlì wǎngwǎng jízhōng zài shǎoshù rén shǒu zhōng.

In an oligarchy, power is often concentrated in the hands of a few people.