Definitions

shā (noun) sand
shā (noun) granule; powder
shā (adjective) hoarse; raspy

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "沙" is structured as a phono-semantic compound, combining the water radical "氵" with the phonetic component "少", which historically linked it to the concept of fine particles found in or near water. Its primary meaning of sand has been consistent, though it expanded to describe related notions such as sandy places like deserts, a rough or grainy texture, and a hoarse sound in the voice. Additionally, the character has been used phonetically in loanwords, exemplified by its role in the term for "tsar". The components "氵" and "少" continue to define its form in both writing systems.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这里的子很细。

Zhèlǐ de shāzi hěn xì.

The sand here is very fine.

我喜欢去滩玩。

Wǒ xǐhuān qù shātān wán.

I like to go to the beach to play.

漠里非常干燥。

Shāmò lǐ fēicháng gānzào.

It is very dry in the desert.

今天北京有尘暴。

Jīntiān Běijīng yǒu shāchénbào.

There is a sandstorm in Beijing today.

这个漏计时很准。

Zhège shālòu jìshí hěn zhǔn.

This hourglass tells time accurately.

科学家正在研究漠化的原因。

Kēxuéjiā zhèngzài yánjiū shāmòhuà de yuányīn.

Scientists are studying the causes of desertification.

尽管滩上人很多,但他还是找到了一个安静的地方。

Jǐnguǎn shātān shàng rén hěn duō, dàn tā háishì zhǎodàole yīgè ānjìng de dìfāng.

Although there are many people on the beach, he still found a quiet place.

为了防止土壤化,当地居民种植了大量耐旱植物。

Wèile fángzhǐ tǔrǎng shāhuà, dāngdì jūmín zhòngzhíle dàliàng nàihàn zhíwù.

To prevent soil desertification, local residents planted a large number of drought-tolerant plants.