Definitions

jiān (adjective) firm; strong; solid
jiān (adjective) resolute; unyielding

Etymology

Simplified form of . Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

About

Derived from the traditional form 堅, which combines the phonetic and semantic component 臤, itself denoting a hand exerting control, with the radical 土 for earth, the character originally conveyed the quality of solid, compacted soil. Over time, this concrete sense of physical hardness extended metaphorically to describe steadfastness in human resolve, such as in principles or willpower, while still retaining its foundational association with material solidity. The modern simplified form 坚 retains the earth radical but streamlines the top component, preserving the core concept of unyielding solidity that has consistently defined the character's usage from its earliest applications to its present meanings.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

持每天跑步。

Wǒ jiānchí měitiān pǎobù.

I insist on running every day.

她是一个强的人。

Tā shì yīgè jiānqiáng de rén.

She is a strong person.

定了自己的决心。

Tā jiāndìng le zìjǐ de juéxīn.

He strengthened his determination.

这块石头非常硬。

Zhè kuài shítou fēicháng jiānyìng.

This stone is very hard.

我们决支持这个决定。

Wǒmen jiānjué zhīchí zhège juédìng.

We resolutely support this decision.

这座桥建造得很固。

Zhè zuò qiáo jiànzào de hěn jiāngù.

This bridge is built very sturdy.

他以毅的精神克服了困难。

Tā yǐ jiānyì de jīngshén kèfú le kùnnán.

He overcame difficulties with steadfast spirit.

在逆境中,她始终守自己的信念。

Zài nìjìng zhōng, tā shǐzhōng jiānshǒu zìjǐ de xìnniàn.

In adversity, she always holds fast to her beliefs.